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Weather Patterns Force Late Start For Cotton Crop
Persistent rains are causing planting delays for the third straight year across Mississippi. This cotton plant was growing at the Rodney Foil Plant Science Research Center in Starkville, Mississippi, on May 20, 2015.
(Photo by MSU Ag Communications/Kat Lawrence)
STARKVILLE, MISS.
Mississippi cotton will need a warm, dry fall to counter the mostly wet spring and thrive in 2015.
Darrin Dodds, Mississippi State University Extension Service cotton specialist and research professor in the MSU Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, said heavy springtime rains caused planting delays for the third straight year. Generally, a week-long dry spell in mid-May has been sandwiched between extended periods of consistent rainfall. Dodds said producers made quick and substantial progress planting during that interim.
“It’s amazing the cycles we’ve had,” Dodds said. “The north Delta has been wet the whole time. There’s been standing water as far down as Stoneville, but the weather changed from too wet to too dry from Clarksdale all the way to Yazoo City. There were people waiting on rain for a few days to either get up the seed they had planted or to even continue planting.”
Producers are projected to plant about 350,000 acres statewide this year. That number is down about 18 percent from the 420,000 acres planted in 2014 but up 20 percent from the 295,000 planted in 2013. Last year, cotton farmers had a record yield at 1,232 pounds per harvested acre.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture reported May 24 that the crop was 79 percent planted, which is just up from the five-year average of 76 percent for this time of year. USDA rated 57 percent of the crop as either good or excellent, but 38 percent was ranked fair and 5 percent was poor.
If heavy rains persist for the first week of June without relief, producers will likely consider a switch from cotton to soybeans. Those decisions typically depend on what happens the last week of May and first week of June.
“We need another week to 10 days of good weather, but I don’t know if we’re going to get that or not,” Dodds said. “The replants to this point in time have been minimal. Producers have gotten the crop to a good stand in almost all cases. They have just been fighting the weather more than anything.”
Extension agricultural economist Larry Falconer said harvest time prices are projected to hover around the 63- to 65-cent range – close to where they finished in 2014.
“I hope we will be better than that,” Falconer said. “The main reason we’ve had a drop in the cotton prices is that the worldwide availability of cotton is still large. It has decreased from last year, but it’s still large, historically speaking.”
Dodds said relatively cool but lingering summers have been instrumental in the crop’s success in recent years.
“We need the summer heat to continue well into September like it has in the past two years,” he said. “We also need a dry October and November so we can get the cotton out of the field.” ∆
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